CLASS PARTICIPATION/DISCUSSION—posting due by July 18
What are the ingredients in OTC drugs indicated for weight loss? How do these work in comparison to prescribed medications?
Tuesday, July 17, 2007
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6 comments:
Most OTC weight loss drug have lots of caffeine to increase metobolism. Alli on the other hand is exactly like the prescription drug orlistat. Orlistat is a drug that promotes loss of weight by preventing the digestion and absorption of fat in food. In the intestine, an enzyme called lipase (produced primarily by the pancreas) breaks apart fat in food so that it can be absorbed into the body. Orlistat blocks the action of lipase and thereby prevents the breakup and absorption of fat. Orlistat blocks absorption of about 25% of the fat in a meal. The unabsorbed fat is excreted in the stool. The FDA approved Orlistat by prescription in 1999. alli, a lower dose formulation of orlistat, was approved for purchase without a prescription "over the counter" in 2007.
Usually prescrption drugs for weight loss are appetitie suppressants. These include: Didrex, Tenuate, Sanorex, Mazanor, Adipex-P, Ionamin, Bontril and Meridia. These work by stimulates satiety center in brain, causing appetite suppression. Mild forms of these drugs can be found OTC
http://www.medicinenet.com/orlistat/article.htm
http://www.webmd.com/diet/guide/weight-loss-prescription-weight-loss-medicine
-There are many medications and supplements available over-the-counter (OTC) which have been shown to be safe and effective for weight loss in clinical studies. However, this does not mean that the products being sold in your local health food store or vitamin shop will help you lose weight.
-Clinical studies use pharmaceutical grade compounds, many times in higher doses, in different combinations, or manufactured in a different manner than commercially available products.
-It is important to get your information about over-the-counter products from reliable sources. Never accept the word of a company that sells weight loss products. Read the studies yourself, or summaries from established publications, like ObesityMeds and Research News. Which have no affiliations with supplement companies and do not sell weight loss products. Study summaries in credible newsletters will also contain the citations of the articles reviewed.
-When deciding whether or not to take a supplement, you should consider a number of factors:
-clinical studies
-human subjects
-ingredients
-long term effects
-drug interactions
http://www.obesity-news.com/otc.htm
-Example of how allergy medicine works: Prescription vs. OTC
-Nonprescription -- these are generally short-acting antihistamines. They relieve mild to moderate symptoms but can cause drowsiness. In addition, these antihistamines can blunt learning in children (even in the absence of drowsiness).
vs.
-Prescription -- these are generally longer-acting antihistamines. They can be equally effective and usually do not interfere with learning. One prescription antihistamine, Claritin, may soon be available over the counter.
http://www.drgreene.org/body.cfm?id=21&action=detail&ref=1292
Diet Pills available over the counter (OTC) contain a combination of medications, usually phenylpropanolamine (PPA) and caffeine, which act to control appetite. The active agent in these medications, PPA, is a central nervous system stimulant and has many effects on the body, one of which is to depress the desire to eat. Caffeine, also a stimulant, results in increased alertness and decreased drowsiness and fatigue when taken in low doses (50-200 mg). Caffeine also has some weak appetite-suppressant properties. Caffeine also affects circulatory function and has unpredictable effect on blood pressure.
Most available weight-loss prescription medications are appetite-suppressant medications. These include: Didrex, Tenuate, Sanorex, Mazanor, Adipex-P and Meridia. These medications generally come in the form of tablets or extended-release capsules (pills that release medication over a long period of time). Appetite suppressants can be obtained by a doctor's prescription and some purchased over the counter. Some prescription drugs Meridia and Xenical are approved for long term use. These drugs are fat-absorption inhibitors which work by preventing your body from breaking down and absorbing fat eaten with your meals.
http://health.rutgers.edu/nutrition/dietpills.htm
http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=42603
Alli the newest FDA weight-loss drug that can be sold without a prescription contains a compound called, rimonbant, that works on the pleasure centers in the brain to suppress appetite. Alli is packaged in capsules that contain 60 mg each. It also blocks the absorption of some vitamins. Other OTC drugs contain high amounts of caffeine and laxatives suppressing the appeptite and making a person have more bowel movements.
A prescription drug called Xenical is an anti-obesity drug that is known as a lipase inhibitor. Lipase is the enzyme that breaks down dietary fat for use by the body. Meridia is another prescription drug that increases the levels of certain brain chemicals such as acetylcholine to help reduce appetite.
http://www.healthyweightforum.org/eng/weight_loss_medication/
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/08/us/08diet.html?ex=1328590800&en=c9e5b3af51d15eaa&ei=5088&partner=r
There are many different ingredients in OTC drugs that are indicated for weight loss, and they vary from drug to drug. Examples of these ingredients include: Hoodia gordonii, green tea extract, citrus naringin, cocoa extract, caffeine, synpehrine HCl, chromium, phosphotidylserine, sleeping complexes, and ephedra. These OTC drugs are not FDA approved, however, it is suggested they work by increasing energy, burning calories, controlling appetite, reducing stress hormones, and stimulating your metabolism. The only OTC FDA approved weight loss drug is Alli (orlistat). Orlistat, the ingredient in Alli is the same ingredient that is found in the prescription drug Xenical. The only difference is that Alli has 60mg of orlistat, whereas, Xenical has 120mg. Orlistat is a lipase inhibitor that works by decreasing dietary fat absorption by 25%. The undigested fat is not absorbed and thus fewer calories are available. Side effects of orlistat include diarrhea, flatulence, intestinal discomfort, and leakage of oily stools. Other prescription drugs such as, Meridia work by increasing the levels of chemicals in the brain that help reduce appetite.
www.rxlist.com
www.gsk.com
Most of the OTC weight loss pills I could find contain Caffiene in the amount of 50mg-250mg. In addition, some of these also contain herbals meant to help you lose weight. For instance Ephedra and ephedrine were both widely used in most all of the OTC drugs until the DEA succeded in having these and the cold pseudoephedrine pills all put behind the counter. Now some (like stacker 3) contain Yohimbine and other herbals. Caffeine does help increase energy levels as well as helps lower appetite. Although these OTC drugs are effective in helping someone lose weight, I don't see them as nearly effective as the many prescription drugs available. For instance the amphetamine class of weight loss pills are derived from ephedrine; however, much stronger. Some of the Rx weight loss pills on the market today include Dexedrine, Ionamin, Adipex-P (phentermine) and other amphetamines and derivatives, Pondimin (fenfluramine hydrochloride) and Redux (dexfenfluramine), drugs not related to amphetamines.
Although, the OTC drugs are effective, they don't compare to the Rx drugs. I for one consume a LOT of OTC energy pills, not because I care about losing weight; but, because they help give me energy. They do a fair job for what they are, but would never compare to a Rx amphetamine class weight loss/energy pill.
http://tinyurl.com/2prz2g
http://tinyurl.com/2nhl2p
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